Source assertions are not new attribution claims. No sole inventor or transitive actor-CVE inference.
{
  "record": {
    "id": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
    "title": "OilRig",
    "type": "IntrusionSet",
    "source_url": "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049",
    "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "status": "active",
    "rights": "Source metadata only; source notices retained; no operational prose or payloads",
    "review_status": "machine-extracted; source-specific checks passed, editorial review pending",
    "stix_id": "intrusion-set--4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d",
    "external_id": "G0049",
    "domain": "enterprise",
    "created": "2017-12-14T16:46:06.044Z",
    "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:34.886Z",
    "version": "5.0",
    "aliases": [
      "OilRig",
      "COBALT GYPSY",
      "IRN2",
      "APT34",
      "Helix Kitten",
      "Evasive Serpens",
      "Hazel Sandstorm",
      "EUROPIUM",
      "ITG13",
      "Earth Simnavaz",
      "Crambus",
      "TA452"
    ],
    "tactics": [

    ],
    "source_references": [
      {
        "source_name": "IRN2"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "ITG13"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Hazel Sandstorm"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "EUROPIUM"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "OilRig"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "TA452"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "COBALT GYPSY"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Crambus"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Earth Simnavaz"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Helix Kitten"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Evasive Serpens"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
        "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
        "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
        "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
        "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig April 2017",
        "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/04/unit42-oilrig-actors-provide-glimpse-development-testing-efforts/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016",
        "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/10/unit42-oilrig-malware-campaign-updates-toolset-and-expands-targets/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "IBM ZeroCleare Wiper December 2019",
        "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/new-destructive-wiper-zerocleare-targets-energy-sector-in-the-middle-east/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
        "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018",
        "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-november-helix-kitten/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Microsoft Threat Actor Naming July 2023",
        "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/intelligence/microsoft-threat-actor-naming?view=o365-worldwide"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Proofpoint Iranian Aligned Attacks JAN 2020",
        "url": "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/corporate-blog/post/iranian-state-sponsored-and-aligned-attacks-what-you-need-know-and-steps-protect"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
        "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Secureworks COBALT GYPSY Threat Profile",
        "url": "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/cobalt-gypsy"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
        "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "APT34"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Unit 42 Playbook Dec 2017",
        "url": "https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
        "url": "https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
      }
    ]
  },
  "assertions": [
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--00c88cab-5cb9-492a-8dce-8eab92213bc3",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0189",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--00c88cab-5cb9-492a-8dce-8eab92213bc3",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.133Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "OilRig New Delivery Oct 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/10/unit42-oilrig-group-steps-attacks-new-delivery-documents-new-injector-trojan/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--00dd8854-0018-4229-a330-8c71f5421123",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1588.003",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--00dd8854-0018-4229-a330-8c71f5421123",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.142Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
          "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--024593ae-03a1-4ffa-a5fc-fc2fe43e6ebf",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1555.004",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--024593ae-03a1-4ffa-a5fc-fc2fe43e6ebf",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.150Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--04f9325e-3fdb-4293-92ca-19e4b85977a2",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1170",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--04f9325e-3fdb-4293-92ca-19e4b85977a2",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.158Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Downloaders DEC 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrig-persistent-attacks-cloud-service-powered-downloaders/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0783831d-da64-4bb3-a54e-c5149e7e0d76",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0495",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0783831d-da64-4bb3-a54e-c5149e7e0d76",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.167Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 RDAT July 2020",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/oilrig-novel-c2-channel-steganography/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0c03f2b4-a752-4d74-9c26-5306132a3329",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1082",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0c03f2b4-a752-4d74-9c26-5306132a3329",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.180Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/10/unit42-oilrig-malware-campaign-updates-toolset-and-expands-targets/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0e6d61e2-7b61-4b6c-85c7-7779125c1d14",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0096",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0e6d61e2-7b61-4b6c-85c7-7779125c1d14",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.189Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0fa0f5d6-be0b-4a48-938c-6d9bb8b1a170",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1003.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0fa0f5d6-be0b-4a48-938c-6d9bb8b1a170",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.197Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT35 2018",
          "url": "https://static.carahsoft.com/concrete/files/1015/2779/3571/M-Trends-2018-Report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--12daddcc-b964-485e-8c2d-10f554d78bcc",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--12daddcc-b964-485e-8c2d-10f554d78bcc",
      "modified": "2026-09-09T18:39:16.520Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "OilRig ISMAgent July 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/07/unit42-oilrig-uses-ismdoor-variant-possibly-linked-greenbug-threat-group/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1652bf3a-085a-4388-839a-04858b14affd",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0269",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1652bf3a-085a-4388-839a-04858b14affd",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.213Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--166326b3-6864-4667-aee9-4d7b24cc75d8",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1071.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--166326b3-6864-4667-aee9-4d7b24cc75d8",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:51.760Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--16d0869c-1ed4-48b9-92f9-cae22e7a001f",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--16d0869c-1ed4-48b9-92f9-cae22e7a001f",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.228Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1fc6a16e-a595-4c72-9e2f-ca9acfbe62f7",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1686.003",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1fc6a16e-a595-4c72-9e2f-ca9acfbe62f7",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.236Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--26cee727-2047-4ea9-b3bd-1115431aa633",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1059.003",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--26cee727-2047-4ea9-b3bd-1115431aa633",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.243Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "OilRig ISMAgent July 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/07/unit42-oilrig-uses-ismdoor-variant-possibly-linked-greenbug-threat-group/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-analyzing-oilrigs-ops-tempo-testing-weaponization-delivery/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "OilRig ISMAgent July 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/07/unit42-oilrig-uses-ismdoor-variant-possibly-linked-greenbug-threat-group/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-analyzing-oilrigs-ops-tempo-testing-weaponization-delivery/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--27ead6bc-2bba-49d3-bcfe-667c7654a6fc",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1021.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--27ead6bc-2bba-49d3-bcfe-667c7654a6fc",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.254Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike GTR2020 Mar 2020",
          "url": "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2020CrowdStrikeGlobalThreatReport.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--2dbed740-1b50-4d59-a729-a1d9e6a839df",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1505.003",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--2dbed740-1b50-4d59-a729-a1d9e6a839df",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.262Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike GTR2020 Mar 2020",
          "url": "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2020CrowdStrikeGlobalThreatReport.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--2e5fbe0a-9cdd-4df2-8061-617075b045fd",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1587.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--2e5fbe0a-9cdd-4df2-8061-617075b045fd",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.270Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Downloaders DEC 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrig-persistent-attacks-cloud-service-powered-downloaders/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--2f19d354-898b-4c42-b3f2-dd45e52423dc",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1608.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--2f19d354-898b-4c42-b3f2-dd45e52423dc",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.277Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
          "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--2f87d195-6eb2-49d2-8dcf-a7bd4163cd09",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0042",
      "predicate": "attributed-to",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--2f87d195-6eb2-49d2-8dcf-a7bd4163cd09",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T21:15:09.184Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Campaigns Sep 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrigs-outer-space-juicy-mix-same-ol-rig-new-drill-pipes/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--2ffc25c4-3939-40df-841c-91059c6879d4",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1036",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--2ffc25c4-3939-40df-841c-91059c6879d4",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.292Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--30854ead-6837-413b-bb8e-fcca45b95dc0",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1219",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--30854ead-6837-413b-bb8e-fcca45b95dc0",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.299Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3127bcf3-3638-4c1b-9a95-156f6c78658a",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0264",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3127bcf3-3638-4c1b-9a95-156f6c78658a",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.307Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--352e990d-48be-4d1a-bd8a-bc27d641aa1f",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1218.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--352e990d-48be-4d1a-bd8a-bc27d641aa1f",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.314Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--392d928f-a05b-42d3-9294-bc0f074a30b2",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0508",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--392d928f-a05b-42d3-9294-bc0f074a30b2",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.329Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--393a3ec4-9970-44ab-ae63-1e9c6bed0310",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1046",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--393a3ec4-9970-44ab-ae63-1e9c6bed0310",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.340Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--39ce32d3-7721-4008-b74d-3549b7bb8fa7",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1087.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--39ce32d3-7721-4008-b74d-3549b7bb8fa7",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.350Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3beb0c09-e584-4fd8-92bb-d7a1ae9192e6",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0057",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3beb0c09-e584-4fd8-92bb-d7a1ae9192e6",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.359Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3c367277-6168-4df8-b982-e9949994123d",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1137.004",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3c367277-6168-4df8-b982-e9949994123d",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.368Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye Outlook Dec 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/12/breaking-the-rules-tough-outlook-for-home-page-attacks.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3fb836b7-41cf-40d1-bd56-14e45e6bbd02",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0039",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3fb836b7-41cf-40d1-bd56-14e45e6bbd02",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.376Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--409581f2-270d-43ce-8044-34bc09874548",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1069.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--409581f2-270d-43ce-8044-34bc09874548",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.385Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--431ec495-5f92-40e9-9955-58ca334ea3c8",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0160",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--431ec495-5f92-40e9-9955-58ca334ea3c8",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.392Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--45159cd3-3e77-433b-a9ea-388875655103",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1151",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--45159cd3-3e77-433b-a9ea-388875655103",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.400Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "IBM ZeroCleare Wiper December 2019",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200211083637/https://securityintelligence.com/posts/new-destructive-wiper-zerocleare-targets-energy-sector-in-the-middle-east/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--45cd89d8-68fd-42a2-94ba-7796a696bc47",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1113",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--45cd89d8-68fd-42a2-94ba-7796a696bc47",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.407Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--46396855-3e2e-428e-95b6-1888007fd393",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1025",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--46396855-3e2e-428e-95b6-1888007fd393",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.415Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--4923be5e-dd24-4289-adca-e9dbf545b9c2",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1007",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--4923be5e-dd24-4289-adca-e9dbf545b9c2",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.424Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--49404706-aa42-4914-a273-2eeb217e6477",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0075",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--49404706-aa42-4914-a273-2eeb217e6477",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.432Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--4c215a47-b170-429d-a62f-b2c43b8f7a1f",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1556.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--4c215a47-b170-429d-a62f-b2c43b8f7a1f",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.440Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--4fde23ab-b8db-4275-ac37-37e608cb00b0",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1059.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--4fde23ab-b8db-4275-ac37-37e608cb00b0",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.447Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "OilRig New Delivery Oct 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/10/unit42-oilrig-group-steps-attacks-new-delivery-documents-new-injector-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-november-helix-kitten/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--51f1d23c-1ccd-4cc4-918c-39e9a66e510b",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1070.004",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--51f1d23c-1ccd-4cc4-918c-39e9a66e510b",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.455Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--526837ff-672d-4afa-899e-3634b19bab14",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1588.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--526837ff-672d-4afa-899e-3634b19bab14",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.463Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--52d3e8a9-8801-497f-b1e1-6d45e196c79b",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0184",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--52d3e8a9-8801-497f-b1e1-6d45e196c79b",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.471Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--557d3feb-0699-429e-bc83-ff114cf138ef",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1204.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--557d3feb-0699-429e-bc83-ff114cf138ef",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.478Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
          "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-november-helix-kitten/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--55e34506-746d-4895-928b-72c2e358161d",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1133",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--55e34506-746d-4895-928b-72c2e358161d",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.487Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5744b31d-6633-44ca-8170-17489fec124c",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0104",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5744b31d-6633-44ca-8170-17489fec124c",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.499Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5ca26415-3f7b-4885-9430-1034665872d7",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1078.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5ca26415-3f7b-4885-9430-1034665872d7",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.507Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5e39caf2-083b-4e4c-b04f-d83c512341cb",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1201",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5e39caf2-083b-4e4c-b04f-d83c512341cb",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.514Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye Targeted Attacks Middle East Banks",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200618235708/https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2016/05/targeted_attacksaga.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5ea45077-b2a0-48ce-9ae7-30ad56d0b4a6",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1586.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5ea45077-b2a0-48ce-9ae7-30ad56d0b4a6",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.522Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
          "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5f5af879-c239-416b-99ec-b46e2f9926a2",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1087.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5f5af879-c239-416b-99ec-b46e2f9926a2",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.529Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--65b58e05-916b-4840-b0a0-bb7fd8dc3f32",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1003.004",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--65b58e05-916b-4840-b0a0-bb7fd8dc3f32",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.543Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT35 2018",
          "url": "https://static.carahsoft.com/concrete/files/1015/2779/3571/M-Trends-2018-Report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--67469b79-67e2-4932-9776-b09a82871723",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1140",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--67469b79-67e2-4932-9776-b09a82871723",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.551Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "OilRig New Delivery Oct 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/10/unit42-oilrig-group-steps-attacks-new-delivery-documents-new-injector-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike GTR2020 Mar 2020",
          "url": "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2020CrowdStrikeGlobalThreatReport.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--6a9c1a1d-f435-422c-b990-d48eb0a87d3e",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1553.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--6a9c1a1d-f435-422c-b990-d48eb0a87d3e",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.559Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
          "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--6adeaf40-84a6-4334-b15c-fc740e07b7ce",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1166",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--6adeaf40-84a6-4334-b15c-fc740e07b7ce",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.566Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Campaigns Sep 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrigs-outer-space-juicy-mix-same-ol-rig-new-drill-pipes/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--70495f42-0a81-485c-8f30-c75af61f1c6a",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.003",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--70495f42-0a81-485c-8f30-c75af61f1c6a",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:50.457Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/10/unit42-oilrig-malware-campaign-updates-toolset-and-expands-targets/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--72d6fe7e-ba33-4117-8153-64226f189ed2",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0100",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--72d6fe7e-ba33-4117-8153-64226f189ed2",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.584Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--7f7226d7-6980-402a-b10e-e81b50c7ee09",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1110",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--7f7226d7-6980-402a-b10e-e81b50c7ee09",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.592Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "IBM ZeroCleare Wiper December 2019",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200211083637/https://securityintelligence.com/posts/new-destructive-wiper-zerocleare-targets-energy-sector-in-the-middle-east/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--7f80cb84-3cb5-4de3-a484-1c0a60e2dbcf",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1059.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--7f80cb84-3cb5-4de3-a484-1c0a60e2dbcf",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.599Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8272bde7-817f-4cb4-b073-67859002d310",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1566.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8272bde7-817f-4cb4-b073-67859002d310",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.607Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
          "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8b42462a-0d66-4740-8f48-0857ab523370",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0349",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8b42462a-0d66-4740-8f48-0857ab523370",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.614Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT35 2018",
          "url": "https://static.carahsoft.com/concrete/files/1015/2779/3571/M-Trends-2018-Report.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8cb570d9-34be-40a7-9ef5-5ab34d89d476",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1112",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8cb570d9-34be-40a7-9ef5-5ab34d89d476",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.622Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8dd1ec07-e429-473d-84db-125fd22ab709",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1120",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8dd1ec07-e429-473d-84db-125fd22ab709",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.629Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8dfb6f79-5a9a-4eb8-9b25-40d82ff0f668",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1071.004",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8dfb6f79-5a9a-4eb8-9b25-40d82ff0f668",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:51.308Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8e9f95f0-4939-4e74-9073-70efddddff50",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1105",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8e9f95f0-4939-4e74-9073-70efddddff50",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:47:03.234Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8edb0383-cae8-43ee-9241-b25e5068cc95",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1049",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8edb0383-cae8-43ee-9241-b25e5068cc95",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.654Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--92666157-324b-4f15-9be2-9a0711351125",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1543.003",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--92666157-324b-4f15-9be2-9a0711351125",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.662Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--93056830-b48c-4b60-8edf-7f143ce6dd70",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1195",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--93056830-b48c-4b60-8edf-7f143ce6dd70",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.669Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--952edf61-e906-4ab5-989f-1d6a5dd95dce",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1204.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--952edf61-e906-4ab5-989f-1d6a5dd95dce",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.676Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
          "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-november-helix-kitten/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--9779ccbc-c376-4a6e-a43f-56a782892302",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1078",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--9779ccbc-c376-4a6e-a43f-56a782892302",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.684Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike GTR2020 Mar 2020",
          "url": "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2020CrowdStrikeGlobalThreatReport.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "IBM ZeroCleare Wiper December 2019",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200211083637/https://securityintelligence.com/posts/new-destructive-wiper-zerocleare-targets-energy-sector-in-the-middle-east/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--978d8c12-bf39-440f-ac17-b66970451152",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0360",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--978d8c12-bf39-440f-ac17-b66970451152",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.693Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig Sep 2018",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-oilrig-uses-updated-bondupdater-target-middle-eastern-government/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--99686b3a-1ca4-4b36-ad4d-a8876d8c65ba",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1573.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--99686b3a-1ca4-4b36-ad4d-a8876d8c65ba",
      "modified": "2026-09-02T20:09:43.328Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--99ec87aa-5e07-4d47-8d29-6614850c88b5",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0610",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--99ec87aa-5e07-4d47-8d29-6614850c88b5",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.709Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a025d011-6e46-4d3a-a9f7-31324027b7cf",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1566.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a025d011-6e46-4d3a-a9f7-31324027b7cf",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.716Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
          "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-november-helix-kitten/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a1e16836-d6d9-4d47-bb9a-35f31f369980",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1053.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a1e16836-d6d9-4d47-bb9a-35f31f369980",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.725Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a24299ed-9735-453c-bd13-66269b2d5d16",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1119",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a24299ed-9735-453c-bd13-66269b2d5d16",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.736Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a7f1c958-3e05-4dcf-9c17-ffead29a72df",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1583.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a7f1c958-3e05-4dcf-9c17-ffead29a72df",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.744Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017",
          "url": "http://www.clearskysec.com/oilrig/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a8d7e4da-53d8-45c2-8c87-70424d96a949",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1056.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a8d7e4da-53d8-45c2-8c87-70424d96a949",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.751Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--add011d8-6cd3-4ae5-af51-e52ce81e277a",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1036.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--add011d8-6cd3-4ae5-af51-e52ce81e277a",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.758Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--ae1de9c5-6bc0-459a-b4ca-568139a5ee41",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0170",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--ae1de9c5-6bc0-459a-b4ca-568139a5ee41",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.765Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-november-helix-kitten/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b22cebe6-129a-41a2-8a9e-70c222c88af6",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1033",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b22cebe6-129a-41a2-8a9e-70c222c88af6",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.773Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/10/unit42-oilrig-malware-campaign-updates-toolset-and-expands-targets/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b3d6abc5-11da-4d0c-a699-8cafac03dfab",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1566.003",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b3d6abc5-11da-4d0c-a699-8cafac03dfab",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.782Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b6c44630-d1d0-467c-a84d-83564a3a0639",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1572",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b6c44630-d1d0-467c-a84d-83564a3a0639",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:55.744Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b7e9d80a-f76b-42b4-90df-3bffd6d5fb86",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1169",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b7e9d80a-f76b-42b4-90df-3bffd6d5fb86",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.797Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Campaigns Sep 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrigs-outer-space-juicy-mix-same-ol-rig-new-drill-pipes/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--bd0cff5e-762e-4ba0-ab42-9bfe84e8db4f",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1047",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--bd0cff5e-762e-4ba0-ab42-9bfe84e8db4f",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.804Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--bd83109f-198a-43b0-a4c9-c13dd671c2da",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1021.004",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--bd83109f-198a-43b0-a4c9-c13dd671c2da",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.814Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--c27b0834-d1b8-440f-9b35-e15e78ecd715",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1555",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--c27b0834-d1b8-440f-9b35-e15e78ecd715",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.821Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT35 2018",
          "url": "https://static.carahsoft.com/concrete/files/1015/2779/3571/M-Trends-2018-Report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--c3221e04-0e40-4454-acf0-46b1e450c0a0",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1115",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--c3221e04-0e40-4454-acf0-46b1e450c0a0",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.829Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--cd95d72d-033c-4881-b233-70983106cbfa",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1003.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--cd95d72d-033c-4881-b233-70983106cbfa",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.844Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT35 2018",
          "url": "https://static.carahsoft.com/concrete/files/1015/2779/3571/M-Trends-2018-Report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--cdbfa147-52be-411d-bcbd-f6dcbf91d7b5",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1027.013",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--cdbfa147-52be-411d-bcbd-f6dcbf91d7b5",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.852Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-analyzing-oilrigs-ops-tempo-testing-weaponization-delivery/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Crowdstrike Helix Kitten Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-november-helix-kitten/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--cdf368a4-7fc5-4bb6-8f5c-82744ee96821",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1172",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--cdf368a4-7fc5-4bb6-8f5c-82744ee96821",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.860Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Downloaders DEC 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrig-persistent-attacks-cloud-service-powered-downloaders/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--d3447694-8f5e-4f6a-968e-7b0a845a87b8",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1168",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--d3447694-8f5e-4f6a-968e-7b0a845a87b8",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.874Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Campaigns Sep 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrigs-outer-space-juicy-mix-same-ol-rig-new-drill-pipes/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--d39e3775-9221-4020-b826-edc111e36c7c",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1069.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--d39e3775-9221-4020-b826-edc111e36c7c",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.882Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--d705df92-50a0-4810-a893-979f73c6cdc8",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1552.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--d705df92-50a0-4810-a893-979f73c6cdc8",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.892Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT35 2018",
          "url": "https://static.carahsoft.com/concrete/files/1015/2779/3571/M-Trends-2018-Report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--d8e375a3-f455-4c66-bc63-251f320ec8b1",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1057",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--d8e375a3-f455-4c66-bc63-251f320ec8b1",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.900Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--dafc7834-fbb5-426c-adce-957742078002",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1555.003",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--dafc7834-fbb5-426c-adce-957742078002",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.908Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 July 2019",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/07/hard-pass-declining-apt34-invite-to-join-their-professional-network.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT35 2018",
          "url": "https://static.carahsoft.com/concrete/files/1015/2779/3571/M-Trends-2018-Report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e0301b36-c339-49c5-b257-9ece19152922",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1016",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e0301b36-c339-49c5-b257-9ece19152922",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.916Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/10/unit42-oilrig-malware-campaign-updates-toolset-and-expands-targets/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e1a3f5df-963d-4211-931e-02ed9c567168",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0029",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e1a3f5df-963d-4211-931e-02ed9c567168",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.923Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e2def7f8-7c68-4ed6-b801-260b24a67409",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0185",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e2def7f8-7c68-4ed6-b801-260b24a67409",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.931Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e3034eac-6009-4a94-b1e6-50a163b26045",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1203",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e3034eac-6009-4a94-b1e6-50a163b26045",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.939Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e30c24d3-d440-4395-88b3-3192a02c4364",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1012",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e30c24d3-d440-4395-88b3-3192a02c4364",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.946Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig May 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/05/the-oilrig-campaign-attacks-on-saudi-arabian-organizations-deliver-helminth-backdoor/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e8ce10b4-3b00-40c1-983a-1d87ff9a68ee",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1059",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e8ce10b4-3b00-40c1-983a-1d87ff9a68ee",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.954Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "OilRig ISMAgent July 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/07/unit42-oilrig-uses-ismdoor-variant-possibly-linked-greenbug-threat-group/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 OopsIE! Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/02/unit42-oopsie-oilrig-uses-threedollars-deliver-new-trojan/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-analyzing-oilrigs-ops-tempo-testing-weaponization-delivery/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e94576ee-284c-4782-a6ef-b7dd8a780254",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e94576ee-284c-4782-a6ef-b7dd8a780254",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.965Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/10703/296317/apt34-new-targeted-attack-in-the-middle-east"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT35 2018",
          "url": "https://static.carahsoft.com/concrete/files/1015/2779/3571/M-Trends-2018-Report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610050742/https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/?pb=evasive-serpens"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--eacf7d8c-c60c-4d4b-af28-57c015a54c55",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1497.001",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--eacf7d8c-c60c-4d4b-af28-57c015a54c55",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.973Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Check Point APT34 April 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/irans-apt34-returns-with-an-updated-arsenal/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--eb5e1a96-fbf3-42c1-8671-9f179bb3e7ea",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1173",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--eb5e1a96-fbf3-42c1-8671-9f179bb3e7ea",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.980Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Symantec Crambus OCT 2023",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/crambus-middle-east-government"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--f0ce9b1b-9184-4071-9b02-1eb2f38f5856",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0044",
      "predicate": "attributed-to",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--f0ce9b1b-9184-4071-9b02-1eb2f38f5856",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T21:13:47.740Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Campaigns Sep 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrigs-outer-space-juicy-mix-same-ol-rig-new-drill-pipes/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--f175fcbb-6eee-4fc2-9031-a848e5b3c769",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1171",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--f175fcbb-6eee-4fc2-9031-a848e5b3c769",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:35.995Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Downloaders DEC 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrig-persistent-attacks-cloud-service-powered-downloaders/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--fa224c64-2157-4c2f-9f9c-451a3923cc42",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0258",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--fa224c64-2157-4c2f-9f9c-451a3923cc42",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:36.019Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 RGDoor Jan 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/01/unit42-oilrig-uses-rgdoor-iis-backdoor-targets-middle-east/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--fac25fea-de44-41cd-b6e9-cd9dba5d880e",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1068",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--fac25fea-de44-41cd-b6e9-cd9dba5d880e",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:36.027Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro Earth Simnavaz October 2024",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/24/j/earth-simnavaz-cyberattacks.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--fb6ffb5c-5405-4515-a120-7a34414933ea",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1027.005",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
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      "modified": "2026-09-02T18:17:25.367Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig April 2017",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/04/unit42-oilrig-actors-provide-glimpse-development-testing-efforts/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 OilRig Nov 2018",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-analyzing-oilrigs-ops-tempo-testing-weaponization-delivery/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
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    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--fd518b7a-b35d-4689-89f6-525efbeee18f",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0049",
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      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0095",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
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      "evidence_locator": "relationship--fd518b7a-b35d-4689-89f6-525efbeee18f",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:36.043Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016",
          "url": "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/10/unit42-oilrig-malware-campaign-updates-toolset-and-expands-targets/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    }
  ],
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  "notices_url": "https://aol.pm/source-notices.txt",
  "notices": "License\n-------\nThe MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,\ndevelopment, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce\nMITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.\n\n\"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation.\"\n\nDisclaimers\n-----------\nMITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part\nof its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover\nfull categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or\nvariations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.\n\nALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN \"AS IS\" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE\nORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,\nAGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT\nTHE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR\nFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
}

License
-------
The MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,
development, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce
MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.

"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation."

Disclaimers
-----------
MITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part
of its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover
full categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or
variations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.

ALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE
ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,
AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT
THE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.