Source assertions are not new attribution claims. No sole inventor or transitive actor-CVE inference.
{
  "record": {
    "id": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
    "title": "Bidirectional Communication",
    "type": "Subtechnique",
    "source_url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102/002",
    "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "status": "active",
    "rights": "Source metadata only; source notices retained; no operational prose or payloads",
    "review_status": "machine-extracted; source-specific checks passed, editorial review pending",
    "stix_id": "attack-pattern--be055942-6e63-49d7-9fa1-9cb7d8a8f3f4",
    "external_id": "T1102.002",
    "domain": "enterprise",
    "created": "2020-03-14T22:34:03.024Z",
    "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:40.085Z",
    "version": "1.1",
    "aliases": [

    ],
    "tactics": [
      "command-and-control"
    ],
    "source_references": [
      {
        "source_name": "University of Birmingham C2",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1408.1136"
      }
    ]
  },
  "assertions": [
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--033a5e59-ab65-485b-a9c0-775977e8abd0",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0393",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--033a5e59-ab65-485b-a9c0-775977e8abd0",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:46.896Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2019/05/29/turla-powershell-usage/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--092ae5be-2a12-46ff-8122-2e308d954401",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0651",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--092ae5be-2a12-46ff-8122-2e308d954401",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:47.201Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Checkpoint IndigoZebra July 2021",
          "url": "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/indigozebra-apt-continues-to-attack-central-asia-with-evolving-tools/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0d57e872-1062-4bab-b3c5-3cea17cba4dc",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1021",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0d57e872-1062-4bab-b3c5-3cea17cba4dc",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:47.421Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0d7e0555-3176-4ebe-b067-6e557e9040a9",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0023",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0d7e0555-3176-4ebe-b067-6e557e9040a9",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:47.686Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Dukes October 2019",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/ESET_Operation_Ghost_Dukes.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0f1582a7-f9d3-4397-bab7-57fbb9a16ebd",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1222",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0f1582a7-f9d3-4397-bab7-57fbb9a16ebd",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:47.902Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Google Cloud Mandiant UNC3886 2024",
          "url": "https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/uncovering-unc3886-espionage-operations"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--0f3a304a-574d-4ccc-b7d6-c546cd27fedd",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0538",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--0f3a304a-574d-4ccc-b7d6-c546cd27fedd",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:48.027Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Crutch December 2020",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/12/02/turla-crutch-keeping-back-door-open/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--17d85f51-c89f-440c-be28-5f74d9264723",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0660",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--17d85f51-c89f-440c-be28-5f74d9264723",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:48.155Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Trend Micro DRBControl February 2020",
          "url": "https://documents.trendmicro.com/assets/white_papers/wp-uncovering-DRBcontrol.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Talent-Jump Clambling February 2020",
          "url": "https://www.talent-jump.com/article/2020/02/17/CLAMBLING-A-New-Backdoor-Base-On-Dropbox-en/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1a04e8c4-f697-446b-810a-8162ad7353ef",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0229",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1a04e8c4-f697-446b-810a-8162ad7353ef",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:48.222Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Proofpoint Leviathan Oct 2017",
          "url": "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/threat-insight/post/leviathan-espionage-actor-spearphishes-maritime-and-defense-targets"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--2244e21e-b7f6-476f-8f58-67db772f9736",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0025",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--2244e21e-b7f6-476f-8f58-67db772f9736",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:48.417Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Mandiant APT1 Appendix",
          "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/sites/default/files/2021-09/mandiant-apt1-report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Mandiant APT1",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/services/pdfs/mandiant-apt1-report.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--233d1a32-f826-4705-a535-806edee8a5aa",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0046",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--233d1a32-f826-4705-a535-806edee8a5aa",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:48.555Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "F-Secure CozyDuke",
          "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/documents/996508/1030745/CozyDuke"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--234dc427-cce0-45d5-9971-02890aff608d",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0248",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--234dc427-cce0-45d5-9971-02890aff608d",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:48.635Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ASERT Donot March 2018",
          "url": "https://www.arbornetworks.com/blog/asert/donot-team-leverages-new-modular-malware-framework-south-asia/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--270a7179-63db-479d-95e5-84dccbe1aa3a",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0094",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--270a7179-63db-479d-95e5-84dccbe1aa3a",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:48.713Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Talos Kimsuky Nov 2021",
          "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2021/11/kimsuky-abuses-blogs-delivers-malware.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Securonix Kimsuky February 2025",
          "url": "https://www.securonix.com/blog/analyzing-deepdrive-north-korean-threat-actors-observed-exploiting-trusted-platforms-for-targeted-attacks/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Zscaler Kimsuky TRANSLATEXT",
          "url": "https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/kimsuky-deploys-translatext-target-south-korean-academia#technical-analysis"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--2b789109-44c7-4195-8df8-50b1e09b1a69",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0218",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--2b789109-44c7-4195-8df8-50b1e09b1a69",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:48.774Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT37 Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt37-reaper-the-overlooked-north-korean-actor.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--2c713523-db2e-4ef6-9a2e-3913bc31051d",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1170",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--2c713523-db2e-4ef6-9a2e-3913bc31051d",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:48.950Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Downloaders DEC 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrig-persistent-attacks-cloud-service-powered-downloaders/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--30e68a86-bbfc-4677-9815-b256be560f09",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0531",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--30e68a86-bbfc-4677-9815-b256be560f09",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:49.007Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "IBM Grandoreiro April 2020",
          "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/grandoreiro-malware-now-targeting-banks-in-spain/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Grandoreiro April 2020",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/04/28/grandoreiro-how-engorged-can-exe-get/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--322fcce0-fe46-48f2-b57c-01b73b316339",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1005",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--322fcce0-fe46-48f2-b57c-01b73b316339",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:49.108Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Microsoft POLONIUM June 2022",
          "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/06/02/exposing-polonium-activity-and-infrastructure-targeting-israeli-organizations/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--32bb5463-c8b5-4ba1-bc13-b242548d5aba",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0067",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--32bb5463-c8b5-4ba1-bc13-b242548d5aba",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:49.180Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT37 Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt37-reaper-the-overlooked-north-korean-actor.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Talos Group123",
          "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/01/korea-in-crosshairs.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3674346a-5212-4b42-9c1d-3e73eee95d06",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0244",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3674346a-5212-4b42-9c1d-3e73eee95d06",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:49.434Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Palo Alto Comnie",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/01/unit42-comnie-continues-target-organizations-east-asia/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3f37a188-b994-4191-aee1-56d0c60101e1",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0128",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3f37a188-b994-4191-aee1-56d0c60101e1",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:49.539Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Forcepoint Monsoon",
          "url": "https://www.forcepoint.com/sites/default/files/resources/files/forcepoint-security-labs-monsoon-analysis-report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "PaloAlto Patchwork Mar 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/03/unit42-patchwork-continues-deliver-badnews-indian-subcontinent/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "TrendMicro Patchwork Dec 2017",
          "url": "https://documents.trendmicro.com/assets/tech-brief-untangling-the-patchwork-cyberespionage-group.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--441bd844-93d8-4b57-b353-de1ea85a26d0",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1168",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--441bd844-93d8-4b57-b353-de1ea85a26d0",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:49.624Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Downloaders DEC 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrig-persistent-attacks-cloud-service-powered-downloaders/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Campaigns Sep 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrigs-outer-space-juicy-mix-same-ol-rig-new-drill-pipes/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--45952aea-8bd7-4f6d-8b23-ee2914860454",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0333",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--45952aea-8bd7-4f6d-8b23-ee2914860454",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:49.717Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "PaloAlto UBoatRAT Nov 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/11/unit42-uboatrat-navigates-east-asia/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--53a66a44-0620-4edc-bb9d-c40cfcb17546",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0032",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--53a66a44-0620-4edc-bb9d-c40cfcb17546",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:49.822Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Lazarus APT January 2022",
          "url": "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/threat-intelligence/2022/01/north-koreas-lazarus-apt-leverages-windows-update-client-github-in-latest-campaign/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5a49400c-2003-463c-8e6e-97b79f560675",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0005",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5a49400c-2003-463c-8e6e-97b79f560675",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:50.270Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Meyers Numbered Panda",
          "url": "http://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/whois-numbered-panda/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5a73d370-7d3d-45ff-b096-acd5bcacad08",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1023",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5a73d370-7d3d-45ff-b096-acd5bcacad08",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:50.381Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Microsoft POLONIUM June 2022",
          "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/06/02/exposing-polonium-activity-and-infrastructure-targeting-israeli-organizations/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5b875be8-3849-46e2-80cb-dec502f78f52",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0087",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5b875be8-3849-46e2-80cb-dec502f78f52",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:50.470Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "BitDefender Chafer May 2020",
          "url": "https://www.bitdefender.com/blog/labs/iranian-chafer-apt-targeted-air-transportation-and-government-in-kuwait-and-saudi-arabia/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5ebd97d4-1979-40b2-b38b-b6ed44a2f32f",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0054",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5ebd97d4-1979-40b2-b38b-b6ed44a2f32f",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:50.526Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "F-Secure The Dukes",
          "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/documents/996508/1030745/dukes_whitepaper.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--6f8c46e4-c0d1-4c39-8a31-3d631f3946df",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0063",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--6f8c46e4-c0d1-4c39-8a31-3d631f3946df",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:50.583Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "CERT Polska",
          "url": "https://cert.pl/uploads/docs/CERT_Polska_Energy_Sector_Incident_Report_2025.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--6ff34c78-2c85-4be5-b3db-0ec8543087d9",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0126",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--6ff34c78-2c85-4be5-b3db-0ec8543087d9",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:50.649Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET ComRAT May 2020",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/ESET_Turla_ComRAT.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "CISA ComRAT Oct 2020",
          "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/ar20-303a"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--71c7cb53-415c-4ce5-9914-40227071b175",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1172",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--71c7cb53-415c-4ce5-9914-40227071b175",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:50.746Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Downloaders DEC 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrig-persistent-attacks-cloud-service-powered-downloaders/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--79c960d7-edf2-4005-8c0a-31acd830ca8a",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0379",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--79c960d7-edf2-4005-8c0a-31acd830ca8a",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:50.931Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Cofense RevengeRAT Feb 2019",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200428173819/https://cofense.com/upgrades-delivery-support-infrastructure-revenge-rat-malware-bigger-threat/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--79f89b33-046c-4bfa-a12d-c50fa0d84ea6",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0059",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--79f89b33-046c-4bfa-a12d-c50fa0d84ea6",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:51.067Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 Magic Hound Feb 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/02/unit42-magic-hound-campaign-attacks-saudi-targets/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--7fcd4b9b-87e3-4e8c-abde-84639c85467f",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0010",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--7fcd4b9b-87e3-4e8c-abde-84639c85467f",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:51.134Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Turla Mosquito Jan 2018",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/ESET_Turla_Mosquito.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Turla Mosquito May 2018",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2018/05/22/turla-mosquito-shift-towards-generic-tools/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--82c32444-f9a1-4370-b72c-2db8c91e9ac3",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1001",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--82c32444-f9a1-4370-b72c-2db8c91e9ac3",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:51.313Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Microsoft POLONIUM June 2022",
          "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/06/02/exposing-polonium-activity-and-infrastructure-targeting-israeli-organizations/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--83bab2a0-5cbc-406e-beaf-a657ef73717d",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0270",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--83bab2a0-5cbc-406e-beaf-a657ef73717d",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:51.501Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 DarkHydrus Jan 2019",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/darkhydrus-delivers-new-trojan-that-can-use-google-drive-for-c2-communications/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8c9f23e6-2665-45b3-9c28-53a9335b16ce",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0042",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8c9f23e6-2665-45b3-9c28-53a9335b16ce",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:51.722Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye admin@338",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2015/11/china-based-threat.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8d4a82db-fce4-4dcc-a0d3-8aa14cbf2ee3",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0657",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8d4a82db-fce4-4dcc-a0d3-8aa14cbf2ee3",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:51.766Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Volexity InkySquid BLUELIGHT August 2021",
          "url": "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2021/08/17/north-korean-apt-inkysquid-infects-victims-using-browser-exploits/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--9420f3cb-bd87-4dae-b8a7-0f1a5a14da55",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0265",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--9420f3cb-bd87-4dae-b8a7-0f1a5a14da55",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:51.825Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 Kazuar May 2017",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/05/unit42-kazuar-multiplatform-espionage-backdoor-api-access/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a732c265-07f0-4e9b-a42c-0df6277e5b27",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0008",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a732c265-07f0-4e9b-a42c-0df6277e5b27",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:52.006Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Forcepoint Carbanak Google C2",
          "url": "https://blogs.forcepoint.com/security-labs/carbanak-group-uses-google-malware-command-and-control"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a7e27068-7c65-45a0-968e-4871720f3348",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0511",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a7e27068-7c65-45a0-968e-4871720f3348",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:52.184Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Dukes October 2019",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/ESET_Operation_Ghost_Dukes.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--ac4e0574-879e-4155-84ed-5b2d8be0b603",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0363",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--ac4e0574-879e-4155-84ed-5b2d8be0b603",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:52.236Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Github PowerShell Empire",
          "url": "https://github.com/PowerShellEmpire/Empire"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--ada291f4-524c-4400-9425-0936a03d4a41",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0046",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--ada291f4-524c-4400-9425-0936a03d4a41",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:52.311Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye FIN7 Aug 2018",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/08/fin7-pursuing-an-enigmatic-and-evasive-global-criminal-operation.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b45c7b78-55c7-4418-ab03-9f805de7376d",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0240",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b45c7b78-55c7-4418-ab03-9f805de7376d",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:52.394Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Talos ROKRAT",
          "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2017/04/introducing-rokrat.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Securelist ScarCruft May 2019",
          "url": "https://securelist.com/scarcruft-continues-to-evolve-introduces-bluetooth-harvester/90729/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Volexity InkySquid RokRAT August 2021",
          "url": "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2021/08/24/north-korean-bluelight-special-inkysquid-deploys-rokrat/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b8c4347b-0181-40f8-a6f4-3d1c1bc7081e",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1171",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b8c4347b-0181-40f8-a6f4-3d1c1bc7081e",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:52.451Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET OilRig Downloaders DEC 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/oilrig-persistent-attacks-cloud-service-powered-downloaders/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--bb8149a2-fdda-4c3a-9e02-f530c4ee7962",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0026",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--bb8149a2-fdda-4c3a-9e02-f530c4ee7962",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:52.546Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "CyberESI GTALK",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20141226203328/http://www.cyberengineeringservices.com/2011/12/15/trojan-gtalk/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Mandiant APT1",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/services/pdfs/mandiant-apt1-report.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--bb8dc4b5-4308-4c84-a63a-ab3d5fa9053e",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1201",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--bb8dc4b5-4308-4c84-a63a-ab3d5fa9053e",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:52.733Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Zscaler Kimsuky TRANSLATEXT",
          "url": "https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/kimsuky-deploys-translatext-target-south-korean-academia#technical-analysis"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--bbddae2e-69d5-4b4f-a091-42d12075e007",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "predicate": "subtechnique-of",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--bbddae2e-69d5-4b4f-a091-42d12075e007",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:56.613Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--c2178e88-74c3-4bc6-b8c5-f6bbc95fc65a",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0215",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--c2178e88-74c3-4bc6-b8c5-f6bbc95fc65a",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:52.984Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT37 Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt37-reaper-the-overlooked-north-korean-actor.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--c2fcdaf4-f4e7-446d-8b92-7a9df7ccc1f8",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0213",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--c2fcdaf4-f4e7-446d-8b92-7a9df7ccc1f8",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:53.198Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT37 Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt37-reaper-the-overlooked-north-korean-actor.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Unit 42 Nokki Oct 2018",
          "url": "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/10/unit42-nokki-almost-ties-the-knot-with-dogcall-reaper-group-uses-new-malware-to-deploy-rat/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--d122e56a-b0d7-4eb2-bcee-def5d4cbf5bd",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0216",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--d122e56a-b0d7-4eb2-bcee-def5d4cbf5bd",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:53.319Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT37 Feb 2018",
          "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt37-reaper-the-overlooked-north-korean-actor.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--d66da21d-1a8c-4b32-b700-f1d3d938b57e",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0034",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--d66da21d-1a8c-4b32-b700-f1d3d938b57e",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:53.431Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Telebots Dec 2016",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2016/12/13/rise-telebots-analyzing-disruptive-killdisk-attacks/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Telebots June 2017",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2017/06/30/telebots-back-supply-chain-attacks-against-ukraine/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--d8a1fe73-2234-4d74-a09c-a84b9cf3e7d1",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S9035",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--d8a1fe73-2234-4d74-a09c-a84b9cf3e7d1",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:53.655Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Splunk LAMEHUG SEP 2025",
          "url": "https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/security/lamehug-ai-driven-malware-llm-cyber-intrusion-analysis.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Nov AI Threat Tracker",
          "url": "https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/threat-actor-usage-of-ai-tools"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--da759124-8047-4b58-b7d4-fa9300cb4ce1",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0007",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--da759124-8047-4b58-b7d4-fa9300cb4ce1",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:53.779Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "TrendMicro Pawn Storm Dec 2020",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/20/l/pawn-storm-lack-of-sophistication-as-a-strategy.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--dd7f2e12-d646-4a89-9ba6-4f20e88fb7db",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1035",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--dd7f2e12-d646-4a89-9ba6-4f20e88fb7db",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:53.981Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "NCSC GCHQ Small Sieve Jan 2022",
          "url": "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/files/NCSC-Malware-Analysis-Report-Small-Sieve.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e74a286e-81d0-42f1-85c5-954631525871",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1210",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e74a286e-81d0-42f1-85c5-954631525871",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:54.105Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Cisco LotusBlossom 2025",
          "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/lotus-blossom-espionage-group/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e8ea86ae-0cdc-4521-a9da-357e53514115",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0069",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e8ea86ae-0cdc-4521-a9da-357e53514115",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:54.230Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Anomali Static Kitten February 2021",
          "url": "https://www.anomali.com/blog/probable-iranian-cyber-actors-static-kitten-conducting-cyberespionage-campaign-targeting-uae-and-kuwait-government-agencies"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--f309c2e1-779f-4ff4-b6b7-579aca478239",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0128",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--f309c2e1-779f-4ff4-b6b7-579aca478239",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:54.392Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Google Election Threats October 2020",
          "url": "https://blog.google/threat-analysis-group/how-were-tackling-evolving-online-threats/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Zscaler APT31 Covid-19 October 2020",
          "url": "https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/apt-31-leverages-covid-19-vaccine-theme-and-abuses-legitimate-online"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--f62632c0-cddf-40ba-bba0-647b5c523606",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0047",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--f62632c0-cddf-40ba-bba0-647b5c523606",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:54.475Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET Gamaredon Sept2024",
          "url": "https://web-assets.esetstatic.com/wls/en/papers/white-papers/cyberespionage-gamaredon-way.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "SymantecCarbonBlack_ShuckwormUSB_Apr2025",
          "url": "https://www.security.com/threat-intelligence/shuckworm-ukraine-gammasteel"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--fd6055a0-7db2-4135-a87f-156354c97f0b",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0069",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--fd6055a0-7db2-4135-a87f-156354c97f0b",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:54.553Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye APT17",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240119213200/https://www2.fireeye.com/rs/fireye/images/APT17_Report.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "FireEye Periscope March 2018",
          "url": "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/03/suspected-chinese-espionage-group-targeting-maritime-and-engineering-industries.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--ff5db468-c3a7-4292-9a50-237cf163cb37",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1031",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1102.002",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--ff5db468-c3a7-4292-9a50-237cf163cb37",
      "modified": "2026-09-03T19:46:54.637Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    }
  ],
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  },
  "notices_url": "https://aol.pm/source-notices.txt",
  "notices": "License\n-------\nThe MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,\ndevelopment, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce\nMITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.\n\n\"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation.\"\n\nDisclaimers\n-----------\nMITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part\nof its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover\nfull categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or\nvariations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.\n\nALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN \"AS IS\" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE\nORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,\nAGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT\nTHE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR\nFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
}

License
-------
The MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,
development, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce
MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.

"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation."

Disclaimers
-----------
MITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part
of its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover
full categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or
variations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.

ALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE
ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,
AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT
THE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.