Source assertions are not new attribution claims. No sole inventor or transitive actor-CVE inference.
{
  "record": {
    "id": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
    "title": "Steal Web Session Cookie",
    "type": "Technique",
    "source_url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539",
    "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "status": "active",
    "rights": "Source metadata only; source notices retained; no operational prose or payloads",
    "review_status": "machine-extracted; source-specific checks passed, editorial review pending",
    "stix_id": "attack-pattern--10ffac09-e42d-4f56-ab20-db94c67d76ff",
    "external_id": "T1539",
    "domain": "enterprise",
    "created": "2019-10-08T20:04:35.508Z",
    "modified": "2026-05-12T15:12:00.621Z",
    "version": "1.5",
    "aliases": [

    ],
    "tactics": [
      "credential-access"
    ],
    "source_references": [
      {
        "source_name": "Krebs Discord Bookmarks 2023",
        "url": "https://krebsonsecurity.com/2023/05/discord-admins-hacked-by-malicious-bookmarks/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019",
        "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/mac-malware-steals-cryptocurrency-exchanges-cookies/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019",
        "url": "https://securelist.com/project-tajmahal/90240/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Github evilginx2",
        "url": "https://github.com/kgretzky/evilginx2"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "GitHub Mauraena",
        "url": "https://github.com/muraenateam/muraena"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Pass The Cookie",
        "url": "https://wunderwuzzi23.github.io/blog/passthecookie.html"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Talos Roblox Scam 2023",
        "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/roblox-scam-overview/"
      }
    ]
  },
  "assertions": [
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--002f1039-f4c5-4c60-b8ac-ced374bec2ac",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1014",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--002f1039-f4c5-4c60-b8ac-ced374bec2ac",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:48:14.485Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Kaspersky LuminousMoth July 2021",
          "url": "https://securelist.com/apt-luminousmoth/103332/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--15c72607-0bf4-4740-8754-2bb1547111bb",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0094",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--15c72607-0bf4-4740-8754-2bb1547111bb",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:24.494Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "S2W Troll Stealer 2024",
          "url": "https://medium.com/s2wblog/kimsuky-disguised-as-a-korean-company-signed-with-a-valid-certificate-to-distribute-troll-stealer-cfa5d54314e2"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Zscaler Kimsuky TRANSLATEXT",
          "url": "https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/kimsuky-deploys-translatext-target-south-korean-academia#technical-analysis"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1a5bf948-33fd-4025-aadd-117e99512e6a",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1047",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1a5bf948-33fd-4025-aadd-117e99512e6a",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:05.941Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1c61ec55-92dd-4bab-8a1d-fcadafc17dfe",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0034",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1c61ec55-92dd-4bab-8a1d-fcadafc17dfe",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:32.666Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Leonard TAG 2023",
          "url": "https://blog.google/threat-analysis-group/ukraine-remains-russias-biggest-cyber-focus-in-2023/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1e526bd3-f353-4b05-a9c9-1f8ddc59bc33",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0531",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1e526bd3-f353-4b05-a9c9-1f8ddc59bc33",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:05.946Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "IBM Grandoreiro April 2020",
          "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/grandoreiro-malware-now-targeting-banks-in-spain/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--248a0d72-d9cd-43d3-985f-a33a49a79e8b",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1054",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--248a0d72-d9cd-43d3-985f-a33a49a79e8b",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:05.955Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Token tactics",
          "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2022/11/16/token-tactics-how-to-prevent-detect-and-respond-to-cloud-token-theft/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Session Management Cheat Sheet",
          "url": "https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Session_Management_Cheat_Sheet.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--24b6a0ed-7c56-4dfa-be1b-97388f7a0bb1",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S9050",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--24b6a0ed-7c56-4dfa-be1b-97388f7a0bb1",
      "modified": "2026-09-25T16:25:46.729Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Intrinsec_Vidar_April2026",
          "url": "https://www.intrinsec.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/TLP_CLEAR-20260424-New_Vidar.pdf"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "LevelBlue_Vidar_May2026",
          "url": "https://www.levelblue.com/blogs/spiderlabs-blog/unmasking-a-multi-stage-loader-autoit-abuse-leading-to-vidar-stealer-command-and-control-communication"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--354cf266-b6f5-4ced-a704-65d1858212d4",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1207",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--354cf266-b6f5-4ced-a704-65d1858212d4",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:05.991Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Google XLoader 2017",
          "url": "https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/formbook-malware-distribution-campaigns/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--35b7c6d7-521c-41f6-81fc-af2f67d8ad82",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1015",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--35b7c6d7-521c-41f6-81fc-af2f67d8ad82",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:34.158Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "CISA Scattered Spider Advisory November 2023",
          "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-320a"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--3fd05c59-c28b-418a-be56-87ff52d4771c",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0120",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--3fd05c59-c28b-418a-be56-87ff52d4771c",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:42.361Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET EvilNum July 2020",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/07/09/more-evil-deep-look-evilnum-toolset/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--42d78c28-8a26-4cac-88bb-93e35d5226e4",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S9010",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--42d78c28-8a26-4cac-88bb-93e35d5226e4",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.016Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Koi Glassworm New Tricks December 2025",
          "url": "https://www.koi.ai/blog/glassworm-goes-mac-fresh-infrastructure-new-tricks"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Socket GlassWorm January 2026",
          "url": "https://socket.dev/blog/glassworm-loader-hits-open-vsx-via-suspected-developer-account-compromise"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--44c91929-3473-443c-91be-5afa81582dfa",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1021",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--44c91929-3473-443c-91be-5afa81582dfa",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.019Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--474e148d-4f4a-41d4-994e-d6425c7445f3",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0492",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--474e148d-4f4a-41d4-994e-d6425c7445f3",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.022Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Unit42 CookieMiner Jan 2019",
          "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/mac-malware-steals-cryptocurrency-exchanges-cookies/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--4b5922d7-d1cf-4e5d-84c9-4e7e8ac4a6a5",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S9003",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--4b5922d7-d1cf-4e5d-84c9-4e7e8ac4a6a5",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.028Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Sophos Evilginx MAR 2025",
          "url": "https://www.sophos.com/en-us/blog/stealing-user-credentials-with-evilginx"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Evilginx 2 July 2018",
          "url": "https://breakdev.org/evilginx-2-next-generation-of-phishing-2fa-tokens/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--4e4d727b-d8fe-412d-81d6-6028a4ea307c",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S9044",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--4e4d727b-d8fe-412d-81d6-6028a4ea307c",
      "modified": "2026-07-30T21:38:15.992Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Artic Wolf Labs Kali365 Device Code April 2026",
          "url": "https://arcticwolf.com/resources/blog/token-bingo-dont-let-your-code-be-the-winner/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "SpyCloud Kali365 June 2026",
          "url": "https://spycloud.com/blog/kali365-anatomy-of-a-microsoft365-phishing-as-a-service-kit/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--55409bd6-f45c-479c-9557-d8efff292789",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1033",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--55409bd6-f45c-479c-9557-d8efff292789",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:42.665Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "CISA Star Blizzard Advisory December 2023",
          "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-341a"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5b252d63-e2a1-4ad3-aadd-96bc8dee78da",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0030",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5b252d63-e2a1-4ad3-aadd-96bc8dee78da",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:48:06.927Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Cisco LotusBlossom 2025",
          "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/lotus-blossom-espionage-group/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--6608d133-27ba-4bd9-bcd4-5becca5a8018",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1140",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--6608d133-27ba-4bd9-bcd4-5becca5a8018",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.064Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Google TAG COLDRIVER January 2024",
          "url": "https://blog.google/threat-analysis-group/google-tag-coldriver-russian-phishing-malware/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--7a1cf82e-68e5-49ca-89ae-e492cd85dab4",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1032",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--7a1cf82e-68e5-49ca-89ae-e492cd85dab4",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.092Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--7f92fc3c-044c-4095-be4b-f6482a5619d1",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0650",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--7f92fc3c-044c-4095-be4b-f6482a5619d1",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.100Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Kroll Qakbot June 2020",
          "url": "https://www.kroll.com/en/insights/publications/cyber/qakbot-malware-exfiltrating-emails-thread-hijacking-attacks"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Kaspersky QakBot September 2021",
          "url": "https://securelist.com/qakbot-technical-analysis/103931/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8785b9f9-52dd-4bf5-8e88-b80c4c28dc7f",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0568",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8785b9f9-52dd-4bf5-8e88-b80c4c28dc7f",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.110Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Prevailion EvilNum May 2020",
          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20221209052853/https://www.prevailion.com/phantom-in-the-command-shell-2/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8af30aa3-c5b7-4273-9de4-98fe5b2f4bf5",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1201",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8af30aa3-c5b7-4273-9de4-98fe5b2f4bf5",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.114Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Zscaler Kimsuky TRANSLATEXT",
          "url": "https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/kimsuky-deploys-translatext-target-south-korean-academia#technical-analysis"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--8f6ffa28-0a5d-4adc-8789-17f3d83446a0",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0631",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--8f6ffa28-0a5d-4adc-8789-17f3d83446a0",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.121Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Cybereason Chaes Nov 2020",
          "url": "https://www.cybereason.com/hubfs/dam/collateral/reports/11-2020-Chaes-e-commerce-malware-research.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--953091ba-9d00-41ba-8727-014f6d11b5d3",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0657",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--953091ba-9d00-41ba-8727-014f6d11b5d3",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.128Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Volexity InkySquid BLUELIGHT August 2021",
          "url": "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2021/08/17/north-korean-apt-inkysquid-infects-victims-using-browser-exploits/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--95add276-6a4d-4281-82e5-7857b615742b",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0024",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--95add276-6a4d-4281-82e5-7857b615742b",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:27.051Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "CrowdStrike StellarParticle January 2022",
          "url": "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/observations-from-the-stellarparticle-campaign/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--98847982-f5fe-4c8e-bd90-b24ba3ff58bd",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1240",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--98847982-f5fe-4c8e-bd90-b24ba3ff58bd",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.133Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET RedLine Stealer November 2024",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/life-crooked-redline-analyzing-infamous-infostealers-backend/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Kroll RedLine Stealer August 2024",
          "url": "https://www.kroll.com/en/publications/cyber/redlinestealer-malware"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Proofpoint RedLine Stealer March 2020",
          "url": "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/threat-insight/new-redline-stealer-distributed-using-coronavirus-themed-email-campaign"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Splunk RedLine Stealer June 2023",
          "url": "https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/security/do-not-cross-the-redline-stealer-detections-and-analysis.html"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--9ffa7daa-ce47-4333-87ac-e438b7556b0c",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1146",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--9ffa7daa-ce47-4333-87ac-e438b7556b0c",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.143Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET EvasivePanda 2023",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2023/04/26/evasive-panda-apt-group-malware-updates-popular-chinese-software/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--a27be16a-0132-4895-8f62-2bcc31cf15d7",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1051",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--a27be16a-0132-4895-8f62-2bcc31cf15d7",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.146Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--acfadf9a-afa5-413e-8855-a96947c5ab26",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0658",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--acfadf9a-afa5-413e-8855-a96947c5ab26",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.160Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "trendmicro xcsset xcode project 2020",
          "url": "https://documents.trendmicro.com/assets/pdf/XCSSET_Technical_Brief.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b9b622ad-856a-48f9-a768-ef05bd2914fe",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S0467",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b9b622ad-856a-48f9-a768-ef05bd2914fe",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.178Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019",
          "url": "https://securelist.com/project-tajmahal/90240/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--c54f50fe-017e-4015-8277-4d50f3ed0d97",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1111",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--c54f50fe-017e-4015-8277-4d50f3ed0d97",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.195Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Rapid7 BlackBasta 2024",
          "url": "https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2024/12/04/black-basta-ransomware-campaign-drops-zbot-darkgate-and-custom-malware/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--d8c19b7a-71a0-4941-9244-f9784e5e99fc",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1148",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--d8c19b7a-71a0-4941-9244-f9784e5e99fc",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.221Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Sekoia Raccoon2 2022",
          "url": "https://blog.sekoia.io/raccoon-stealer-v2-part-2-in-depth-analysis/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--db995d8c-b561-4fdc-9c5b-a19b2383c058",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S1213",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--db995d8c-b561-4fdc-9c5b-a19b2383c058",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.225Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "TrendMicro LummaStealer 2025",
          "url": "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/25/a/lumma-stealers-github-based-delivery-via-mdr.html"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Fortinet LummaStealer 2024",
          "url": "https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/lumma-variant-on-youtube"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Cybereason LumaStealer Undated",
          "url": "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/threat-analysis-rise-of-lummastealer"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--e1062063-0f27-443e-9d6f-2dee44ee79aa",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1044",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--e1062063-0f27-443e-9d6f-2dee44ee79aa",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:48:16.469Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Mandiant APT42-charms",
          "url": "https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/apt42-crooked-charms-cons-and-compromises.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--ef10f1da-2388-4404-97aa-bcfa9bcd27ec",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:S9020",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--ef10f1da-2388-4404-97aa-bcfa9bcd27ec",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.250Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ESET MirrorFace DEC 2022",
          "url": "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/12/14/unmasking-mirrorface-operation-liberalface-targeting-japanese-political-entities/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--f780f9d8-1baa-41b7-b7a1-acba717df0ab",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1017",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1539",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--f780f9d8-1baa-41b7-b7a1-acba717df0ab",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.261Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    }
  ],
  "source_snapshot": {
    "file": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "sha256": "81113ba98afa2928f3dcff62022539f7ce30c315c32e14422f11ff95ce534352",
    "bytes": 55271014,
    "checked_at": "2026-10-16T03:31:39Z"
  },
  "notices_url": "https://aol.pm/source-notices.txt",
  "notices": "License\n-------\nThe MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,\ndevelopment, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce\nMITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.\n\n\"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation.\"\n\nDisclaimers\n-----------\nMITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part\nof its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover\nfull categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or\nvariations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.\n\nALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN \"AS IS\" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE\nORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,\nAGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT\nTHE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR\nFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
}

License
-------
The MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,
development, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce
MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.

"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation."

Disclaimers
-----------
MITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part
of its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover
full categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or
variations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.

ALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE
ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,
AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT
THE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.