Source assertions are not new attribution claims. No sole inventor or transitive actor-CVE inference.
{
  "record": {
    "id": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
    "title": "Network Devices",
    "type": "Subtechnique",
    "source_url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/008",
    "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "status": "active",
    "rights": "Source metadata only; source notices retained; no operational prose or payloads",
    "review_status": "machine-extracted; source-specific checks passed, editorial review pending",
    "stix_id": "attack-pattern--149b477f-f364-4824-b1b5-aa1d56115869",
    "external_id": "T1584.008",
    "domain": "enterprise",
    "created": "2024-03-28T03:29:35.616Z",
    "modified": "2026-05-12T15:12:00.621Z",
    "version": "1.1",
    "aliases": [

    ],
    "tactics": [
      "resource-development"
    ],
    "source_references": [
      {
        "source_name": "Wired Russia Cyberwar",
        "url": "https://www.wired.com/story/russia-ukraine-cyberattacks-mandiant/"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Mandiant Fortinet Zero Day",
        "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/fortinet-malware-ecosystem"
      },
      {
        "source_name": "Justice GRU 2024",
        "url": "https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-conducts-court-authorized-disruption-botnet-controlled-russian"
      }
    ]
  },
  "assertions": [
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--01794c3e-407a-42c1-b6ba-16ec85775011",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1045",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--01794c3e-407a-42c1-b6ba-16ec85775011",
      "modified": "2026-09-22T21:21:36.772Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "CISA_AA25-239ASaltTyphoon_Sept2025",
          "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa25-239a"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--04885879-10a9-4d12-b9f5-08bfae9da800",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0053",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--04885879-10a9-4d12-b9f5-08bfae9da800",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:34.072Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ORB Mandiant",
          "url": "https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/china-nexus-espionage-orb-networks"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--1e81cdcc-e258-479f-9588-3649509bfcd1",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G1017",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--1e81cdcc-e258-479f-9588-3649509bfcd1",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:39.786Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Microsoft Volt Typhoon May 2023",
          "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/05/24/volt-typhoon-targets-us-critical-infrastructure-with-living-off-the-land-techniques/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Joint Cybersecurity Advisory Volt Typhoon June 2023",
          "url": "https://media.defense.gov/2023/May/24/2003229517/-1/-1/0/CSA_Living_off_the_Land.PDF"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--22708534-eb0e-4217-93a9-74615c537411",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0007",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--22708534-eb0e-4217-93a9-74615c537411",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:44.497Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Leonard TAG 2023",
          "url": "https://blog.google/threat-analysis-group/ukraine-remains-russias-biggest-cyber-focus-in-2023/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--22e22e70-7544-40b9-838a-e06b560f51a7",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0128",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--22e22e70-7544-40b9-838a-e06b560f51a7",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:52.126Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "ORB APT31",
          "url": "https://therecord.media/chinese-hacking-group-apt31-uses-mesh-of-home-routers-to-disguise-attacks"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "ORB Mandiant",
          "url": "https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/china-nexus-espionage-orb-networks"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--27e2b1aa-facc-4fd9-897d-32dd7590a752",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0055",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--27e2b1aa-facc-4fd9-897d-32dd7590a752",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:33.949Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Sekoia 7777 Botnet JUL 2024",
          "url": "https://blog.sekoia.io/solving-the-7777-botnet-enigma-a-cybersecurity-quest/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Microsoft Storm-0940",
          "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2024/10/31/chinese-threat-actor-storm-0940-uses-credentials-from-password-spray-attacks-from-a-covert-network/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--5898ba12-3f7f-4891-96b5-a1d464487013",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0035",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--5898ba12-3f7f-4891-96b5-a1d464487013",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:17.943Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Lumen KVBotnet 2023",
          "url": "https://blog.lumen.com/routers-roasting-on-an-open-firewall-the-kv-botnet-investigation/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--72601af4-90e2-4dcc-8bb1-6f9dc6db8205",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0063",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--72601af4-90e2-4dcc-8bb1-6f9dc6db8205",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:19.743Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "CERT Polska",
          "url": "https://cert.pl/uploads/docs/CERT_Polska_Energy_Sector_Incident_Report_2025.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--756bcc95-b0a5-4fce-bd2a-c3f3171d7a1a",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0039",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--756bcc95-b0a5-4fce-bd2a-c3f3171d7a1a",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:30.780Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Lumen Versa 2024",
          "url": "https://blog.lumen.com/taking-the-crossroads-the-versa-director-zero-day-exploitation/"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b1ce8372-ecac-40c4-9b92-a6073cacec31",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:C0029",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b1ce8372-ecac-40c4-9b92-a6073cacec31",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T18:47:23.314Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "Volexity Ivanti Global Exploitation January 2024",
          "url": "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2024/01/15/ivanti-connect-secure-vpn-exploitation-goes-global/"
        },
        {
          "source_name": "Mandiant Cutting Edge January 2024",
          "url": "https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/suspected-apt-targets-ivanti-zero-day"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--b6765164-14b8-4804-aa68-0d88d48c1582",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "predicate": "subtechnique-of",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--b6765164-14b8-4804-aa68-0d88d48c1582",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.174Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--db35390e-63b3-4cf7-8c44-dab132883810",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:G0065",
      "predicate": "uses",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--db35390e-63b3-4cf7-8c44-dab132883810",
      "modified": "2026-07-31T20:48:38.461Z",
      "references": [
        {
          "source_name": "CISA Leviathan 2024",
          "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa24-190a"
        }
      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "enterprise:relationship--eeb0508f-69e8-492f-85a7-777f24c5d00d",
      "subject": "ATTACK:enterprise:M1056",
      "predicate": "mitigates",
      "object": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1584.008",
      "asserted_by": "MITRE ATT&CK",
      "source_url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
      "evidence_locator": "relationship--eeb0508f-69e8-492f-85a7-777f24c5d00d",
      "modified": "2026-04-29T14:23:06.250Z",
      "references": [

      ],
      "qualification": "Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.",
      "source_occurrences": 1
    }
  ],
  "source_snapshot": {
    "file": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mitre-attack/attack-stix-data/c2494b29dd268c46a5d0ea0990553e4327cd2253/enterprise-attack/enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
    "sha256": "81113ba98afa2928f3dcff62022539f7ce30c315c32e14422f11ff95ce534352",
    "bytes": 55271014,
    "checked_at": "2026-10-16T03:31:39Z"
  },
  "notices_url": "https://aol.pm/source-notices.txt",
  "notices": "License\n-------\nThe MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,\ndevelopment, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce\nMITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.\n\n\"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation.\"\n\nDisclaimers\n-----------\nMITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part\nof its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover\nfull categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or\nvariations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.\n\nALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN \"AS IS\" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE\nORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,\nAGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT\nTHE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR\nFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.\n"
}

License
-------
The MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use ATT&CK® for research,
development, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce
MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.

"© 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation."

Disclaimers
-----------
MITRE does not claim ATT&CK enumerates all possibilities for the types of actions and behaviors documented as part
of its adversary model and framework of techniques. Using the information contained within ATT&CK to address or cover
full categories of techniques will not guarantee full defensive coverage as there may be undisclosed techniques or
variations on existing techniques not documented by ATT&CK.

ALL DOCUMENTS AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS AND THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE
ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE MITRE CORPORATION, ITS BOARD OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,
AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES, DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT
THE USE OF THE INFORMATION THEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.