Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol
Subtechnique · ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
Attributed source ↗ · Plaintext record · Complete record and assertions JSON
Inspect structured metadata and provenance
{
"id": "ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002",
"title": "Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol",
"type": "Subtechnique",
"source_url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048/002",
"snapshot": "enterprise-attack-20.0.json",
"status": "active",
"rights": "Source metadata only; source notices retained; no operational prose or payloads",
"review_status": "machine-extracted; source-specific checks passed, editorial review pending",
"stix_id": "attack-pattern--8e350c1d-ac79-4b5c-bd4e-7476d7e84ec5",
"external_id": "T1048.002",
"domain": "enterprise",
"created": "2020-03-15T15:34:30.767Z",
"modified": "2026-09-02T18:35:02.657Z",
"version": "1.3",
"aliases": [
],
"tactics": [
"exfiltration"
],
"source_references": [
{
"source_name": "Cybersecurity Advisory GRU Brute Force Campaign July 2021",
"url": "https://media.defense.gov/2021/Jul/01/2002753896/-1/-1/1/CSA_GRU_GLOBAL_BRUTE_FORCE_CAMPAIGN_UOO158036-21.PDF"
}
]
}Explicit source assertions (14)
First 80 shown here; the complete set is in this record’s JSON and plaintext. Each relationship retains its source and locator. No inferred relationships are added.
ATTACK:enterprise:G0007 → uses → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--16ec2171-a002-4838-8e20-af89b2eeafd0
Cybersecurity Advisory GRU Brute Force Campaign July 2021ATTACK:enterprise:S0483 → uses → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--3057f2a9-b2a2-47cf-b528-2b46907c8359
DFIR_Sodinokibi_RansomwareATTACK:enterprise:M1031 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--4ff00908-ef82-45dc-bb71-bf1cea80063e
ATTACK:enterprise:S9011 → uses → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--683d7d6b-687c-468c-a156-7d1b0187d890
Picus Security UNC5221 Ivanti May 2025ATTACK:enterprise:G1012 → uses → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--6aef256e-e914-42d3-af4a-3be735cf3fe3
PWC Yellow Liderc 2023ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002 → subtechnique-of → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--6b9361fc-6a9e-4fc3-bc53-72a3f616869a
ATTACK:enterprise:M1030 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--a101f85c-31ca-41af-ac16-c77d585dd8e6
TechNet Firewall DesignATTACK:enterprise:G1054 → uses → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--c674acca-abe0-47c0-9947-e95442f3c8e0
JPCERT MirrorFace JUL 2024ATTACK:enterprise:S1040 → uses → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--d3a5df12-454a-44f7-a3d1-9154dcc815e9
RcloneATTACK:enterprise:M1037 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--d65b3176-37a7-4072-90b8-38ac51dbe44d
ATTACK:enterprise:M1057 → mitigates → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--e1d62223-d58c-4220-bd83-301128199908
ATTACK:enterprise:G0082 → uses → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--eea4c21b-d979-4001-9a50-e277058e7ab3
MIcrosoft Mastra npm Compromise JUN 2026ATTACK:enterprise:G1046 → uses → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--f290ae63-3d6e-4393-a0b4-385ea577c1e9
rapid7-email-bombingATTACK:enterprise:C0024 → uses → ATTACK:enterprise:T1048.002
MITRE ATT&CK: Source assertion; no new actor identity, alias equivalence, CVE exploitation or causal inference. Procedure prose omitted.
Assertion source · Locator: relationship--fc56bf57-2188-4177-b0a3-e89bb8478523
Volexity SolarWinds